E-cigarettes have long been used as an alternative to traditional smoking, but public health data suggests some adults trying to quit vaping are turning back to cigarettes.

Recent data from Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) shows that some smokers and dual users who stop vaping opt for traditional tobacco products instead, a shift that addiction specialists say may be driven by nicotine dependence and the challenges of withdrawal.

Trent Carter, a board-certified nurse practitioner and CEO of Renew Health — a behavioral and mental health practice based in New Mexico — said that while the shift from vapes back to cigarettes might seem counterintuitive, there are behavioral reasons some users make the switch.

"Vaping can become constant throughout the day, whereas a cigarette is more of a defined episode," Carter told Fox News Digital.

"Subconsciously, you may not even realize that you’re constantly vaping throughout the day, whereas cigarettes you feel like you're more in control because you have to think about it. You [have] to go outside, you [have] to light it up."

Unlike cigarettes, vaping can be done throughout the day and often indoors. That easy access can lead to more nicotine use and reinforce the hand-to-mouth habit, according to the expert.

High potency, severe withdrawal
E-cigarettes can be highly addictive because of the way they deliver nicotine. Many vaping devices use highly concentrated nicotine salts, allowing users to inhale large doses with each puff compared to traditional cigarettes.

"If you're consuming a large amount with every single puff ... it's going to be harder to stop when compared to a lower dose," Carter said.

Nicotine dependence alters brain chemistry by stimulating neurotransmitters like dopamine that govern mood and pleasure, according to Cleveland Clinic.

When someone abruptly cuts off high-volume intake, it can trigger rapid withdrawal symptoms, ranging from intense cravings and irritability to severe sleep disturbances and brain fog.

Because high-potency vapes drive up physical tolerance, standard quitting aids — like over-the-counter patches or nicotine gum — can sometimes feel inadequate to a user seeking immediate relief.

"While a patch or gum could definitely help with the nicotine cravings, if you're not addressing the behavioral aspect of it, then you're really falling short," Carter said. "You're leaving a huge component of why they may be smoking — whether it's because of anxiety or even insomnia during the day."

False sense of security
When e-cigarettes first hit the market, early public messaging framed them as a healthier, doctor-approved alternative to smoking, which gave many consumers a false sense of security about how difficult it would be to drop the habit, according to Carter.

"If you're being told something is safe or doctor-approved, we tend to feel we're making the right choice," Carter said.

"While traditional cigarettes have toxins that e-cigarettes do not, if your daily consumption of nicotine becomes much higher, we find ourselves in a nasty cycle. You got rid of the toxins, but now you're consuming much more nicotine."

The elevated chemical intake carries a physical and mental toll, Carter cautioned. Heavy, uninterrupted nicotine ingestion can trigger blood pressure spikes, elevated heart rates, sleep disruption and heightened anxiety.

Breaking the dependency loop
For people trying to quit vaping, health providers warn that switching to cigarettes reintroduces harmful toxins, tar and carbon monoxide.

Instead of switching between vaping and cigarettes, addiction specialists recommend medically supervised strategies that combine behavioral therapy with gradual nicotine reduction.

"The goal shouldn't be to find another way to consume nicotine," Carter said. "The goal should be to treat the dependence itself."

"It's not trading one for the other, but finding the underlying cause and addressing that head-on — that's how someone truly takes steps in the right direction."

For those struggling to exit the cycle, Carter advises building self-awareness and immediately consulting a licensed addiction or mental health professional who can recommend a personalized recovery plan.